Author: Felix Mwania

  • What Does It Mean if I Get a 1099-K Tax Form?

    What Does It Mean if I Get a 1099-K Tax Form?

    What is a 1099-K and Why Did I Get It

    Tax season can be confusing, especially if you receive forms you don’t understand. One such form is the 1099-K. If you’ve received a 1099-K tax form, you might wonder what that means for you and your finances. This article will explain the 1099-K, when you receive one, what to do with it, and whether you need to pay taxes on it.

    What is a 1099-K Form?

    A 1099-K is a special tax form that reports the money you’ve received through third-party payment processors. These are companies that help with payments for things like online sales, freelance work, or gig jobs. This could include platforms like PayPal, Venmo, eBay, Etsy, or even credit card companies.

    These payment companies are required by the IRS to send you a 1099-K if your payments reach a certain amount. They send this form directly to you and the IRS to let them know how much money you’ve received. It’s important to remember that the 1099-K doesn’t mean you automatically owe taxes on that amount — it’s just a way for the IRS to track money flowing through third-party payment systems.

    Why Did I Get a 1099-K?

    Knowing when you might get a 1099-K can help you prepare for tax time. You will get a 1099-K if you have more than $600 in payments for goods or services in a calendar year. This means you might get this form if you are selling items online, earning money from side jobs, or providing services that people pay you for each month. The payment processor does not need to know if you made a profit or a loss. They have to report the total amount you received.

    This is especially common for people who:

    1. 1Sell things online, like on eBay or Etsy.
    2. 2You can do freelance work, such as driving a ride share for Uber or Lyft or completing gigs on websites like Fiverr.
    3. 3Run a small business or side hustle and use payment apps to accept payments.

    Points to Remember: In 2022 and 2023, the IRS decided that you only need to receive a 1099-K if you reach the income threshold of $600 or more in a calendar year.

    What Information Is on the 1099-K?

    When you receive a 1099-K, it will have some important details on it. Here are the main things you’ll see:

    1. 1Gross Payments: This is the total amount of money you received through the payment processor. It’s not the amount of money you keep after fees, returns, or cancellations. This is the total amount before any deductions.
    2. 2Transaction Count: This shows how many payments or transactions were made through the platform. For example, if you sold 10 items on eBay, the 1099-K will list how many payments you received.
    3. 3Payer Information: This section has details about the platform or company that processed your payments. It will list the company name (like PayPal or Venmo) and the company’s taxpayer identification number (TIN).
    4. 4Your Information: You’ll also see your name, address, and taxpayer identification number (TIN) on the form. This helps the IRS match your 1099-K with your tax return.

    Do You Have to Pay Taxes on 1099-K Income?

    Now that you know what’s on the form, let’s talk about taxes. Just because the 1099-K reports a certain amount of income doesn’t automatically mean you owe taxes on all of it. Here’s what you need to know:

    1. 1Business Income: If you made money by selling products, providing services, or doing gig work, that income might be taxable. This means you might need to report it on your tax return.
    2. 2Personal Sales: If you just sold personal items (like your old clothes, furniture, or toys), you might not owe taxes. However, if you made a profit (i.e., sold something for more than you paid for it), the IRS might want to know about it.
    3. 3Deductions: If you’re running a business or freelance, you can deduct certain expenses from your total income, like the cost of materials, shipping, or fees charged by payment processors. This can lower the amount of taxable income you have to report.
    4. 4Not All Payments Are Taxable: For example, gifts or reimbursements are generally not taxable. So, if you received money from friends or family, this may not be considered taxable income, even if it shows up on a 1099-K.

    How Does a 1099-K Affect My Tax Filing?

    So, how does the 1099-K affect your taxes? Once you understand your 1099-K, the next step is reporting it correctly on your tax return.

    • Report Income: If you’re running a business or freelancing, you’ll likely need to report the income on your tax return. This could be on Schedule C if you’re self-employed. Under the “Income” section on Schedule C, you will list the total income, including the amount reported on the 1099-K.
    • Expenses Section: For the costs of doing business, make sure you list any expenses you can deduct. This can help you lower your taxable income.
    • Self-Employment Taxes: If you’re a freelancer or business owner, you might also need to pay self-employment taxes. This covers things like Social Security and Medicare, in addition to regular income taxes.

    Note on Personal Expenses: Keep in mind that personal expenses – like groceries or buying things for your home – are not deductible.

    Here’s an example

    Let’s say you made $1,000 from selling handmade items on Etsy, and the 1099-K shows $1,000 in gross payments. You’ll report that income on your taxes. But, if it cost you $300 to make the items and ship them, you can deduct those expenses from your total income, so you’re only taxed on $700.

    It’s important to file your taxes correctly because if you don’t report the income from your 1099-K, the IRS might catch it, and you could face penalties. By reporting correctly, you are telling the IRS exactly what you earned and what you spent related to your business.

    Common Issues or Confusion with 1099-K Forms

    Sometimes, people run into problems or confusion when they receive a 1099-K. Here are a few common issues and how to handle them:

    1. 1Incorrect Information: Sometimes the form will have errors, like an incorrect name or amount. If this happens, you should reach out to the payment processor right away to get it corrected.
    2. 2Duplicate Forms: If you’re using multiple payment processors or apps, you might get more than one 1099-K. Make sure not to double-count your income when filing your taxes.
    3. 3Payment Mistakes: You might see a payment listed on your 1099-K that you didn’t actually receive. It’s important to check your transaction records carefully to make sure everything matches up.

    Can I Get a 1099-K Without Being Self-Employed?

    Yes, you can get a 1099-K even if you’re not technically “self-employed.” This can happen if you sell personal items online. For example, if you sold your old laptop or furniture on a website like eBay and made over $600, you could receive a 1099-K from them.

    However, just because you get a 1099-K doesn’t mean you owe taxes. If you didn’t make a profit, or if it was a personal sale, you likely won’t have to pay taxes on it. But if you’re unsure, it’s always good to check with a tax professional to be safe.

    Conclusion

    Getting a 1099-K can initially feel overwhelming, but it’s just a way for the IRS to keep track of money that comes through third-party payment processors. You don’t need to panic if you get one. Remember to carefully review the form, understand what the income means for your taxes, and file your return correctly.

    If you’re unsure about anything, don’t hesitate to reach out to a tax professional. They can help you avoid mistakes and make sure your taxes are filed accurately. So, while the 1099-K might seem tricky at first, understanding it will make tax time a lot easier!

    Additional Resources

    For more help, check the IRS website. They have great information about 1099 forms and how to fill out your taxes. You can find more tips on tax software that can help make things easier or even tax professionals to help you prepare.

    Tracking your money with a budget helps, too! You can keep an eye on how much you really earn each month, catching any questions early.

    In summary, don’t fear the 1099-K! It’s just another tool for keeping track of your money and how to report it to the IRS.

  • IRS 1099 Compliance Enforcement Heats Up

    IRS 1099 Compliance Enforcement Heats Up

    IRS 1099 Compliance Enforcement Heats Up

    In 2010, the IRS took an aggressive step to ratchet up its ability to enforce business compliance with annual 1099 income reporting regulations. Today I will discuss form 1099-Misc and these enforcement changes. I will also share the potential consequences for not filing these annual reports and how to stay out of the IRS’s enforcement cross-hairs.

    1099 Self-Incriminate-Reporting

    In 2011, two seemingly-innocent questions were added to all business tax returns. These questions are:

    1. Did your business make any payments that would require filing form(s) 1099, and
    2. If yes, did your business file or will it file form(s) 1099?

    The taxpayer is then required to check the box “yes” or “no,” a response made under penalty of perjury when the taxpayer signs the return.

    Why is this Significant?

    The 1099 Form series is a major part of the IRS’s Information Reporting Program (including forms W2 for wages and K-1, reporting partner and S Corp shareholder income and deductions) which tracks payments made by businesses to other taxpayers. The Information Reporting Program enforces the common taxation rule: The expense of one taxpayer is generally income to another.

    The primary role of Form 1099 is to “inform” the IRS of income taxpayers receive. The IRS enters 1099 data into computers that match it against income reported on taxpayers’ returns. Any income shortfall reported by the taxpayer will automatically generate a letter and/or a bill for tax due, plus penalties and interest.

    The system is so effective that, if everyone followed the information reporting rules (and deductions did not exist such as with a flat tax), the IRS could simply send taxpayers a bill for their income tax each year. This, in fact, is the procedure for taxpayers who fail to file their income tax returns.

    Small Business and Form 1099 Compliance

    ​Although there are many 1099 forms, the most common one completed by small businesses is Form 1099-Misc, which reports self-employment income paid to unincorporated vendors, contractors, and casual labor totaling $600 or more in any given year. The addition of these questions is an attempt to close the portion of the $450 billion tax gap (the difference between taxes paid each year and taxes actually owed to the US Treasury) attributable to small businesses’ persistent non-compliance.

    Back-up Withholdings and Form 1099

    In order to issue forms 1099, businesses must obtain the Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) from their service providers. Generally, this is done by providing Form W-9, Request for Taxpayer Identification, to the individual and/or business to which payments will be made. If the service provider fails to provide the requested TIN, the payer may be required to remove “backup withholdings” (currently 28%) from any payments due the provider, and remit these amounts to the IRS.

    The Penalty-Trap

    The basic penalty for not filing forms 1099 is generally $50 per un-filed return. This penalty, however, increases to the greater of $100 per return or 10% of the total amount that should have been reported if the IRS believes the failure was due to intentionally disregarding 1099 reporting rules. And herein lays the penalty-trap: If a business affirmatively states that they were required to file forms 1099 but fails to do so, they have intentionally disregarded the 1099 reporting rules. If, on the other hand, the business states that they were not required to file Form 1099 and it is later shown that they were, the business has intentionally disregarded the 1099 reporting rules and lied on its tax return.

    An additional fear which looms among many professionals is that these developments may set the stage for what to-date has been a relatively rare penalty: Failure to collect and remit the 28% backup withholdings mentioned above. This penalty carries the same weight as the payroll taxes and is equal to the 28% tax that should have been withheld.

    The Take Away

    ​If you have not already done so, make this a priority to avoid the penalties listed above by following the Form 1099 reporting rules. The form deadlines are January and February each year.Please remember: This or any article does not constitute or replace the advice of a qualified professional. If you have any questions regarding your taxes or would like assistance in preparing your tax returns, please feel talk to your accounting professional.

  • How to Report Wages for a Deceased Employee

    How to Report Wages for a Deceased Employee

    HOW TO REPORT WAGES FOR A DECEASED EMPLOYEE

    If an employee dies during the year, you must report the accrued wages, vacation pay, and other compensation paid after the date of death.

    Also report wages that were available to the employee while he or she was alive, regardless of whether they actually were in the possession of the employee, as well as any other regular wage payment, even if you may have to reissue the payment in the name of the estate or beneficiary.

    If you made the payment after the employee’s death but in the same year the employee died, you must withhold social security and Medicare taxes on the payment and report the payment on the employee’s Form W-2 only as social security and Medicare wages to ensure proper social security and Medicare credit is received.

    On the employee’s Form W-2, show the payment as social security wages (box 3) and Medicare wages and tips (box 5) and the social security and Medicare taxes withheld in boxes 4 and 6. Do not show the payment in box 1.

    If you made the payment after the year of death, do not report it on Form W-2, and do not withhold social security and Medicare taxes.

    Whether the payment is made in the year of death or after the year of death, you also must report it in box 3 of Form 1099-MISC, Miscellaneous Income, for the payment to the estate or beneficiary. Use the name and taxpayer identification number (TIN) of the payment recipient on Form 1099-MISC. However, if the payment is a re-issuance of wages that were constructively received by the deceased individual while he or she was still alive, do not report it on Form 1099-MISC.

    Let’s look at an example

    Before Employee A’s death on June 15, 2015, A was employed by Employer X and received $10,000 in wages on which federal income tax of $1,500 was withheld. When A died, X owed A $2,000 in wages and $1,000 in accrued vacation pay. The total of $3,000 (less the social security and Medicare taxes withheld) was paid to A’s estate on July 5, 2015. Because X made the payment during the year of death, X must withhold social security and Medicare taxes on the $3,000 payment and must complete Form W-2 as follows.

    • Box a – Employee A’s SSN
    • Box e – Employee A’s name
    • Box f – Employee A’s address
    • Box 1 – 10000.00 (does not include the $3,000 accrued wages and vacation pay)
    • Box 2 – 1500.00
    • Box 3 – 13000.00 (includes the $3,000 accrued wages and vacation pay)
    • Box 4 – 806.00 (6.2% of the amount in box 3)
    • Box 5 – 13000.00 (includes the $3,000 accrued wages and vacation pay)
    • Box 6 – 188.50 (1.45% of the amount in box 5)

    Employer X also must complete Form 1099-MISC as follows

    • Boxes for recipients name, address, and TIN – the estate’s name, address and TIN
    • Box 3: $3,000.00 (Even though the amounts were withheld for Social Security and Medicare taxes, the gross amount is reported here).

    If Employer X made the payment after the year of death, the $3,000 would not be subject to social security and Medicare taxes and would not be shown on Form W-2. However, the employer would still file Form 1099-MISC.

  • Employee Vs Independent Contractor

    Employee Vs Independent Contractor

    Employee Vs Independent Contractor

    The difference between an employee vs independent contractor can be confusing. It is important for business owners to know if their workers are employees or independent contractors (also referred to as 1099 contractors or self-employed).

    For employees, businesses have to withhold income taxes, Social Security, and Medicare from employee’s checks. They also need to pay unemployment tax on employee’s wages. These taxes do not have to be paid if the worker is an independent contractor.

    Is my worker an Employee or Independent Contractor?

    An independent contractor is a business owner who provides his services to others. You are considered self-employed if you:

    1. Own a business or trade as the sole proprietor
    2. Trade with a partner or own a business
    3. Engage in a business by and for yourself

    If a business owner hires you to provide a service, or perform a duty, then you are not an independent contractor, you are an employee, and he is your employer.

    If you are a business owner remember it is up to you to determine whether those you hire are your employees or independent contractors. You first need to understand your business relationship before you can determine how to pay for services.

    What is the Difference Between an Employee and an Independent Contractor?

    Independent Contractors

    Accountants, auctioneers, contractors, subcontractors, dentists, doctors, and dentists, and many others are often considered independent contractors because they are part of a profession that offers their services to the public.

    However, whether they are labeled as independent contractors or employees depends upon a few things: one is considered an independent contractor if the person paying for the service only has control of the end result, and not how the job is done. This person is responsible for paying a Self-Employment Tax.

    If one is told what to do, and how to do it, then this person is not an independent contractor. Even if the employer gives the employee freedom to do things his own way, the employer still has a legal right to tell his employee what and how to do things if he so chooses.

    Employee

    Common-law rules states that if you can tell somewhat you hire what to do, and how to do it, then they are your employee and you are their employer. You can give your employee freedom of action, but you still have complete legal control of what services they perform for you.

    Comparison Between Employees and Independent Contractors

    The best way to determine whether someone is an independent contractor or an employee is to consider what degree of control those hiring them have.

    Common-Law Rules

    Providing evidence of degree of control falls into three distinct categories:

    1. Behavioral: Does your company have complete control over what your worker does and how your worker does his job?
    2. Financial: Do you control when your worker is paid? Do you supply all the tools and supplies? Do you decide whether or not to reimburse expenses?
    3. Relationship: Do written contracts exist that outline such things as insurance coverage, vacation pay, pension plans, etc.? Is this work vital to your business, and is this relationship going to continue?

    Determination

    Each of these factors is important when a business needs to determine whether a worker is an independent contractor or an employee. Some of these factors may point to a worker being an independent contractor, while others may indicate he is an employee.

    Nothing is set in stone about whether one is an independent contractor or employee, and there is not a single factor that determines which category a worker falls in. Factors that may be relevant in one instance may not be relevant in others.

    The key to unlocking this mystery is to take into account the relationship, determine the degree of right to control and direct, and document these to make a final determination.

    Form SS-8

    If, after reading the above, one is still unsure whether their worker is an independent contractor or an employee, they can file Form SS-8 with the IRS. The worker or the business can file this form. The IRS reviews all circumstances and facts related to the case and makes the official determination on the worker’s status.

    This process can take up to 6 months just to get a final determination. All businesses that hire this same type of people to work for them should think about filing Form SS-8.

    Tax Obligations

    After a final determination of worker’s status is decided (either by the business owner or IRS), it is time to file the right forms and pay any and all taxes due.

    Independent Contractor Forms

    Form W-9: If you are paying an independent contractor then they should complete Form W-9, also titled Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification. This form is used to learn the right name and TIN (Taxpayer Identification Number) of your worker. TINs can be a SSN (Social Security Number) or an EIN (Employer Identification Number). This form should be kept on file for at least four years, just in case it is needed for future reference by the IRS or the worker.

    Form 1099-Misc: Form 1099-Misc is used to report all payments made in the trading of services for cash. If you pay someone $600. or more in a year, you must complete a Form 1099-Misc and provide it to the independent contractor by January 31st of the next year. You also need to send a copy of the worker’s form to the IRS. You have until March 31st if your business files 1099s electronically; otherwise, you have send the form to the IRS by February 28th.

    Employee Forms

    Form I-9: Also known as The Employment Verification Form I-9, this form pertains to U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. Employer’s use this form to verify the identity of their employees and to make sure they are eligible to work in the United States.

    Form W-4: Your employee fills out Form W-4 so that the correct amount of federal income tax is taken from their check.

    Form W-2: At the end of every fiscal year workers must file a Wage and Tax Statement, otherwise known as Form W-2. All wages, tips and compensation received must be entered on the form. Businesses can use Form W-3 (Transmittal of Wage and Tax Statement) to send Copy A of Form W-2 to the IRS.

    Misclassifying Employees

    If you say your employee is an independent contractor, and have no reasonable basis for this classification, you might be held liable for paying that worker’s employment taxes.

    If you can show you have reasons to treat an employee as an independent contractor, then you might not have to pay their taxes. You will need to file all federal information returns that show you are consistent in the way you have treated this employee. You must prove that no former (or current) worker who performed the same services was listed as an employee any time after 1977.

  • How to Terminate an Employee Properly

    How to Terminate an Employee Properly

    How to Terminate an Employee Properly

    Have you ever wondered what the best practices to terminate an employee properly are? Well, having to terminate an employee is the lowest of the low psychologically; but doing it properly is a challenge in itself.

    Some managers would choose to go through an audit, or digitizing dusty paper records instead of having to let someone go. The entire process can be emotionally draining for both sides of the equation.

    But dollars are on the line. Therefore your have to make the hard decisions that are in the best interest of the company atmosphere, the bottom line, and the stakeholders.

    The termination quite literally has an effect on the rest of that employee’s life in a financial and career sense. This will be the final impression your company will leave with the employee.

    Terminations don’t take place in a bubble either. And the aftermath can have an effect on the organization as a whole in ways a manager with less experience may not fully appreciate. Additionally, if you do not terminate an employee properly lawsuits can happen. It’s important to prepare ahead of time to make the transition as smooth as possible.

    Pre-Termination: Being Proactive Over Reactive

    The days or weeks leading to a foreseen termination are very important. You should be vigilant of your interaction with the employee and do your legal homework. Therefore. document issues and review the legal aspect to make sure you terminate the employee properly.

    “Documentation, Documentation, Documentation.”

    Sometimes you have to terminate an employee over an immediate and egregious offense, but it’s not unusual that the termination could be seen from a long way off. Typically the writing was on the wall for weeks, or even months, beforehand.

    If the termination is a result of performance issues, document the steps you have taken to mitigate those performance issues. On the other hand, if the termination is a result of behavior (insubordination, breaking company rules, breaking the law, etc), document warnings and reprimands.

    Your company will never regret having a strong paper trail. And decisions to terminate must be made on provable facts, not opinions or hearsay. Some organizations learn the hard way that improper record-keeping can cost them in the long run. Don’t make this mistake.

    Laws, Contract & Agreements

    There are of course laws across the board on how to terminate an employee properly – obviously you cannot fire someone on the grounds of age, gender, race, orientation etc. However, there are laws that exist in specific jurisdictions, and laws specific to the size of your organization. Consult legal counsel.

    A vengeful ex-employee can learn very quickly everything they need to know to sue a company by using Google alone. Subsequently, making sure you’re up to snuff is money and time well spent.

    Then there is the matter of employment contracts – some situations warrant a severance package (which can be affected if you don’t have a paper trail). Similarly, union employees have collective agreements that can come into play and there may be specific procedures that you need to follow.

    It’s critical to review all of these contingencies pre-termination. Be prepared for the situation at hand.

    Termination: Game Day

    To terminate an employee properly, you need to follow the following steps on the day you pull the trigger:

    Termination Environment

    Plan the environment to minimize employee embarrassment and to preserve dignity. Terminate the employee in person and never over a digital medium. Pick a neutral, private location to deliver the news, with an HR representative  or other manager present. They will come in handy if you have to diffuse an emotional situation.

    Create space for emotions to deflate. This is much more important than time of day or the day of the week. Some employees might become angry, some might cry, others might be in shock. Regardless, it’s important to give them an opportunity to save their face in front of their former coworkers.

    Take Control and Execute Firmly

    Be firm, direct, specific, respectful and brief. Employees need to know exactly what is happening and why. Do not be ambiguous. Do not apologize. Script the speech, deliver the speech, and document the speech.

    It is important that you choose words that cannot be twisted after the fact in a way that feeds into a potential wrongful termination lawsuit. In fact, it may be a good idea to have a checklist to make sure all important items are covered in the conversation, and that things are kept on track. Be sure to keep the emotional mood neutral and professional.

    Recover all company property

    Ask the employee to turn over any company identification, keys, electronic devices, company credit cards and anything else. It’s best to remove any temptation of any retaliatory behavior that may arise. If the employee has a company vehicle, arrange an alternate means for them to return home.

    Information Security

    Involve I.T. and remove access to any sensitive information. Databases, paper files, network access, email accounts, bank accounts, etc. Not only do you want to avoid any potential for retaliatory behavior, you want to avoid giving the employee an opportunity to remove any potentially incriminating information.

    Final Words and Clean up

    Have HR accompany the employee while they clear their personal effects, say any goodbyes, and escort them off company property. This doesn’t need to be rushed, but should not be drawn out either. Ending employment is a part of professional life, staff will respect this.

    Post Termination: Aftermath

    To justify your claim of having to terminate an employee properly, follow through with these more important steps.  These will leave a good impression with the former employee and also help his or her dignity.

    HR Involvement

    Have HR provide any support in areas related to termination of benefits, paying out of vacation time, and applying to employment assistance programs. Final pay typically must be issued immediately – but remember that certain release / buyout documents must be signed before any severance payments are made.

    Be Compliant

    You documented everything, right? Minds and hearts change. The employee may leave angry but cool down over the weekend. On the other hand, the employee might stew for a few days and concoct a narrative that they can take to a lawyer. Spend the time and effort to make sure you were compliant and you have protected your business.

    Do not Burn Bridges

    Do make yourself available afterwards if issues arise. This likely won’t be a fun transition for anyone, but it doesn’t have to be a bad one. Remember business is all about relationships, and it’s entirely possible your career will intersect with this individual again.

    Conclusion

    Terminations are uncomfortable, but keep in mind that the short-term emotions do not override the core responsibility of management to act in the overall best interests of the organization. Use these points as a reference, and role playing can be an excellent way to raise confidence in one’s ability to terminate an employee smoothly. With preparation the impact on the workplace environment and the ex-employee can be minimized.

  • Can I take a loan from my 401k?

    Can I take a loan from my 401k?

    Can I take a loan from my 401k?

    Feel like you’re at the corner of “can I take a loan from my 401k?” and “will I hurt my retirement savings if I do?”

    Well, you’re not alone. Each year many hard working Americans wonder the same thing.

    In fact, during the fiscal year of 2014, 11% of employed Americans took out a 401k loan.

    And if you weigh your options correctly, it can be a smart idea.

    I mean, think about it. Technically, a 401(k) loan is money you borrow from yourself. Who wouldn’t prefer that to borrowing from a bank?

    However, the important thing to keep in mind is that every loan, whether it is a 401k, mortgage, or car loan, comes with strings attached.

    And every string has the potential to become a problem if you make an uninformed decision.

    So the key is to know all of the facts before you decide to take out a 401k loan. That way you can determine if it’s the right type of loan for you.

    How do 401k loans work?

    To find the answer to the question, “Can I take a loan from my 401k,” you must first know if your employer sponsored plan allows for it.

    While loans have become a popular option, not every plan features the ability to take one out.

    Want to know a secret? Finding out if a loan is available to you is probably the hardest part of the entire process. Things only get easier from there.

    In other words, the 401k loan process so ideal because there are no hoops to jump through.

    Approval for a 401k loan does not require much other than being approved by your plan administrator (unless of course, you have somehow managed to make an enemy of 401k sponsor…then you might want to refer to an article about begging for forgiveness and hoping for the best).

    Once you’re approved for the loan, you receive the money. It’s that simple.

    Inevitably, the question that follows “can I take a loan from my 401k” is “how much?”

    You should be aware that there is a limitation on the amount you can borrow.

    You can only borrow half of the vested amount in your account, or a maximum of $50,000, depending whichever is less.

    Also, don’t forget that you typically have five years to repay the loan, so borrow only what you can pay off within that time frame.

    Reasons to take out a 401k loan

    So now you’re wondering, “under what circumstances can I take a loan from my 401k?” The answer is many.

    And in those situations there are several incentives to doing so.

    Typically speaking, 401(k) loans work best for short-term needs, where you can repay the money quickly.

    Some of the best reasons to take out a 401(k) loan include:

    • Purchasing a home
    • Pursuing higher education
    • Financing a business or investment

    In some cases, you might be eligible for a loan extension if you used the money as a down payment on a house.

    “That’s great,” you’re saying, “but can I use my loan to help alleviate financial hardship?”

    You might be especially curious about this question if you owe money in back taxes to Uncle Sam.

    In most cases, you can use the money however you want, including paying for taxes.

    This can be an appealing option if the amount of interest you’ll pay (to yourself, nonetheless) is smaller than potential tax penalties.

    However, some plans do place restrictions on how the money can be used. Before you take out a loan make sure you know if such restrictions exist and what they entail.

    More importantly, be wary of potential downsides linked to borrowing money from your 401k.

    The pitfalls

    One of the biggest problems with borrowing from your 401k is that you lose out on potential earnings.

    Take money out, and it can no longer grow.

    While this might seem like a small hiccup, especially if retirement is a long ways away, it can have an impact.

    Many Americans don’t set aside enough money for retirement to begin with, and borrowing the money now can mean you have less for the future.

    Remember, when you retire you’ll be on a fixed income and you’ll need a savings to fall back on.

    That’s why it’s really important to think twice before you take money out.

    Other issues can arise with your 401(k) loan if you lose (or leave) your job.

    Leaving the employer that sponsors the plan while you have an outstanding loan means that you will be required to repay the loan within 60 days.

    Failing to do so means the borrowed amount will be considered as an early withdrawal of your retirement, making the funds subject to 10% early withdrawal penalty and income tax based on your normal rate.

    However, if you’re certain of your job security and feel that you can repay the money quickly, 401(k) loans have many advantages.

    The Incentives

    One thing that makes a 401k loan so convenient is the ease in which you can be approved for the loan.

    There are no credit checks, and the payments cab automatically deducted from yourpaycheck.

    401(k) loans are also subject to lower interest rates. Even more compelling: any interest you pay on the loan, you pay to yourself.

    Interest you pay is returned to your 401k account along with your monthly payments.

    However, you’re the only one who can determine whether the benefits outweigh the significant costs.

    Conclusion

    When it comes to your retirement, don’t put off saving money.

    The more money you accrue now, the bigger your future safety net.

    And while you should think hard about a 401k loan, it’s key that you make the best decision to maximize the amount you have save for retirement.

    If that means taking out a loan now to resolve financial hardship, pay taxes, or make an investment that can add to your savings later, then proceed with caution.

  • Nonprofit payroll requirements: Best Practices

    Nonprofit payroll requirements: Best Practices

    Nonprofit payroll requirements: Best Practices

    Easily the biggest challenge of running a nonprofit is trying to do more with less, to make limited resources stretch further. Following all the nonprofit payroll requirements, laws and regulations is challenging. This is no different for companies with dedicated payroll and HR staff.

    Most nonprofits have to make due with a person who’s wearing several other hats in the organization at the same time. Many know 501(c)(3) nonprofit organizations are not taxed on profits. Not as many know that NPOs do pay other taxes.

    Lets not forget, however, that having to go through all that hassle is a good thing.

    Moving from exclusively volunteer staff to having at least one paid position means your NPO is growing. And you’re accomplishing more of your mission.

    Though far from being an exhaustive tutorial, here are some key best-practices to follow when adding paid staff to your NPO:

    Salary & Wages Versus Bonuses & Commissions

    This is one of those spots where for-profit companies differ from nonprofit payroll requirements. The IRS keeps a close eye on nonprofits for the potential of fraud. To that, wages that are not seen as ‘reasonable’ draw IRS attention.

    This is particularly problematic considering that there isn’t a perfect method for determining what’s ‘reasonable’. At best, a company can look at market rates for a employees in similar positions and pick a number that’s conservative.

    Bonuses & Commissions aren’t generally well received by the IRS. Reason: typically they’re associated with maximizing sales and profits.

    The intended goal of a nonprofit is to direct its revenues towards a cause rather than improving the bottom line.

    And it’s implied that bonuses and commissions are counter to this goal. Unless of course they’re seen as “reasonable,” which like above is essentially an educated guess at best.

    It’s good corporate governance practice that the board of directors be aware of and approve of the Executive Directors total compensation package. The ED in particular draws attention (in many NPOs this is the only paid position). Just remember, when conducting the ‘reasonable’ test, include everything. This means memberships, vehicle allowance, contributions to retirement plans, etc.

    Tread Carefully With Payroll Classifications

    Can you save money by paying your staffers as contractors instead of employees? Contractors are workers who are not on your payroll, and instead are paid a flat fee for for their services. You must issue a Form 1099 at the end of the year recording total earnings to all contractors.

    Tricky question: considering that paying a contractor means not having to cover payroll taxes, technically the answer is ‘Yes.’ The problem is that nonprofits don’t have as much say here as they tend to think.

    The final determination of whether or not a staffer is a contractor or not is decided by the IRS. If the nonprofit thinks it doesn’t have to cover payroll taxes, it won’t. This can be an expensive mistake down the road – one that could sink the ship.

    The IRS will hold the nonprofit responsible for the employer portion, the employee portion, and likely penalties and interest.

    Check out this extensive research on Employee vs Independent Contractor.

    Withholding Payroll Taxes

    As far as the IRS is concerned, paid employees must be accounted for just like they would in for-profit corporations. Nonprofit payroll requirements dictate the withholding of Federal and State Taxes, Social Security, and Medicare from employee checks.

    Generally speaking employee benefits mirror those of private industry: health and dental insurance, retirement plan contributions, sick/vacation days, etc etc.

    In fact, this is considered and industry standard to attract qualified talent to work in the nonprofit sector. All of the same laws governing meal breaks, paid rest breaks, recording of hours worked, payment (or lack there off) for training, travel time, and reporting time pay must be observed.

    Also, W-2’s must be issued. Being compliant is very important. It’s easy for managers of let compliance issues drift to the wayside. But remember, you’re dealing with confidential information here, and there are real consequences to making mistakes.

    Volunteer Compensation

    Occasionally, non-profit organizations will reward their volunteers with a present or a gift card. But there are rules about what counts as a taxable wage. Cash and gift cards definitely yes, other items like a Halloween pumpkin or a thanksgiving turkey definitely no (but that can potentially change, say if the value of the item is in excess of $100).

    Consider Partnering With A Payroll Company

    The instinct in a 501(c)(3) is to save as much money as possible and attempt to handle all HR and payroll functions in-house. The problem is that the IRS isn’t forgiving of missed remittances due to inexperience. Moreover, there are issues that may burn your organization that can be avoided when dealing with an established service with non profit clients.

    In a perfect world you’d have a payroll specialist volunteer their services to your NPO. In a not-as-perfect world you’d have somebody on staff with enough payroll experience that they can spearhead the movement and delegate less specialized tasks to volunteers.

    This doesn’t mean partnering with a payroll company is a bad thing. It’s worth starting the discussion and working with some numbers. The benefit of working with a skilled payroll company could far, far exceed the costs. Plus, a payroll company can scale with your organization and allow your team to focus their efforts on serving your stakeholders.

    Conclusion

    When boiled down, there are basically three critical things a payroll person or service must do.

    • First, employees must get paid on time. There is nothing that will shake employee confidence more than being paid late.
    • The second is that the IRS needs to get paid by their deadlines.
    • The third is that all the appropriate records must be kept and all the appropriate paperwork must be submitted.

    That’s about it.

    The hassle of moving from zero to one paid employee is more than moving from one to ten. Once your nonprofit payroll requirements are handled, you can get back to focusing on your NPO’s cause.

  • Best method to pay employees

    Best method to pay employees

    Best method to pay employees

    Have you ever wondered which is the best method to pay employees? Well, it’s a typical Thursday afternoon at the office.

    You’ve reached the last leg of the day, and the weekend is just around the corner. One. More. Day.

    Glancing through the window of your corner office, you can’t help but notice that there’s a youthful skip in your employees’ steps.

    Taking one look at the calendar hanging above your desk, you discover why.

    Today is everyone’s favorite day: Payday.

    If you weren’t so exhausted from processing the payroll, you might be jumping for joy as well. You need to explore some options.

    It’s time to review and implement the best method to pay employees.

    Payroll processing that fits your needs

    Finding the best payroll solution for your company can be a confusing task.

    There are an infinite number of options to choose from and issues to address:

    Should you pay your employees through direct deposit? Pay cards? What if there’s a mistake made on someone’s paycheck? What if someone doesn’t even get a paycheck?

    Before you panic and start making decisions willy-nilly, you should know that there are a variety of true and tested method to pay your employees.

    In fact, there’s probably more than one method to you employees that can fit your needs.

    What’s more, while some methods of paying employees might work well for some companies, it is important to note that those methods might not fit your particular business.

    Your budget, the size of your company, and the number of employees that work for you are some of the determining factors in finding the best method to pay employees for your business.

    Knowing the difference between payment options can help you uncover the best method to pay employees

    Finding the right payment procedure for your employees starts with understanding how each payroll processing method works.

    Refer to this basic breakdown when trying to find the best payroll processing practice for your business.

    Best method to pay employees: Pay cards

    In recent years, Pay Cards (also referred to as Payroll Cards) have gained popularity with many employers due to its ease and cost effectiveness. Every pay period employee wages are simply loaded on the card, making them easily accessible. You can set up these cards with a payroll card provider, such as Visa. check with your payroll provider if this option is available.

    Best method to pay employees: Direct deposit

    In recent years, Pay Cards (also referred to as Payroll Cards) have gained popularity with many employers due to its ease and cost effectiveness. Every pay period employee wages are simply loaded on the card, making them easily accessible. You can set up these cards with a payroll card provider, such as Visa. check with your payroll provider if this option is available.

    Best method to pay employees: Manual checks

    The more traditional route is the to pay employees using a paper check that they then deposit to the bank. However, you can also use manual checks to make corrections in the event of mistakes made in the payroll process.

    For instance, AccuPay systems provides comprehensive  low cost full service payroll to small businesses, giving business owners more wiggle room to select which payroll options work best for them.

    However, each system comes with it’s own set of benefits and pitfalls.

    Pros and cons of the methods to pay employees

    The good news is that there are many pros to each system.

    Pay Cards are generally less expensive than issuing checks, making them a cost effective alternative for those who cant, or won’t, use direct deposit.

    But keep in mind that payroll cards come with drawbacks as well. One of the most problematic features of the cards is that they are often loaded with fees.

    And those fees add up.

    Unless you totally despise your employees, (don’t get any ideas) you don’t want a payroll system that might actually cost them a good chunk of their paycheck.

    That’s why it’s important to find cards that have low fees, and to give your employees a heads up about any potential charges.

    Another thing to remember is that you want to go with a solution that provides the most convenience for both your employees and yourself at a fair price.

    Many companies find use deposit as their method of paying employees because it is convenient and totally safe to use.

    It saves employees a trip to the bank on a weekly, or bi-weekly, basis and it also bypasses the problem of lost or stolen checks. Additionally, direct deposit saves employers money that would otherwise be spent on printing checks.

    Costs and other considerations

    The more traditional method to pay employees using paper checks that they then deposit to the bank. However, you can also use manual checks to make corrections in the event of mistakes made in the payroll process. Your selected method to pay your employees is also dependent on the kind of payroll system you use.

    Conducting your payroll in-house might mean that your choices are slightly more limited compared to outsourcing.

    More importantly, find a solution that works well for your employees. Just because something is cheaper or more convenient for you doesn’t mean it’s a two-way street.

    Keep in mind that not all employees will be particularly thrilled if you decide to make pay cards a mandatory option. You should also be aware that changing state laws might make it impossible to enforce such a practice.

    Remember, the best method to pay your employees is dependent on your circumstances, which includes the circumstances of your employees.

    Conclusion

    When trying to find the method to pay your employees that work best for your business, remember that you have options.

    If processing your payroll in-house isn’t doing the trick, consider outsourcing.

    Companies like AccuPay Systems give you the flexibility to find methods that work best for you.

    Maybe the majority of your employees don’t have a bank account and so pay cards work great.

    Perhaps the best method to pay your employees is through direct deposit.

    You might even find that the best option is to roll these payroll processing methods into one solution.

    From our experience, we have found that offering direct deposit as the primary method to pay employees and then allowing employees to opt into a payroll card program works the best.

    So go forth and find the best payroll practices that will keep the thrill of payday alive.

  • Work Life Balance: A New Perspective

    Work Life Balance: A New Perspective

    Work Life Balance: A New Perspective

    Reading the comments in the business press, finding the elusive Work Life Balance seems less likely than catching Bigfoot singing Elvis Presley songs at karaoke.

    But is it really that far-fetched? Taking a closer look sheds some light on what work-life balance really is, and how it might be done.

    Work Life Balance: Defined

    There are differences of opinion about what work life balance even is. For the sake of clarity, we’re going to define it here.

    If you think of balancenull as a noun, then you’re talking about something that is “At rest in a way where its weight is evenly distributed.” The problem is that work life “balance” implies you’re going to get “in balance” and when that happens, your job is over. Or put another way, a ‘stable person’ in a ‘stable life.’

    The reality is life is more like riding a unicycle, on a tightrope, during an Earthquake.

    The alternative is to think of balance as a verb. If you treat “balance” as balancing, then the picture changes. The unicycle is moving forward and back, the rope is swinging side to side, and the Earth is moving up and down. A ‘stable person’ in an ‘unstable life.’

    Balance is a constant exercise, something you will work on today, tomorrow, and every day for the rest of your life (and that’s a good thing). Some people would equate work life balance to time management, but it’s really self-management of three resources: your time, your focus and your energy.

    Your ‘time’ is, of course, the number of hours in a day, days in a year, and years in a lifetime. Your ‘focus’ is your ability to mentally concentrate on one thing for a period of time. Finally, your ‘energy’ is your stamina.

    You’ve got plenty of things that are important to you, some of these things are priorities to you, and some of these things are obligations that you don’t want to miss.

    So for our conversation, let’s define work life balance like this: “The self-management of all your priorities and obligations, using your limited time, focus and energy.”

    Work Life Balance: What Are You Trying To Balance?

    People tend to split their lives into these two buckets of what they do at the office, and “everything else.”

    This is a bit of an oversimplification. Heading out to play football, and caring for an aging parent a few nights a week are both definitely not your day job, but they don’t really fall into the same category as each other either.

    When our definition talks about priorities and obligations, there are a few main buckets you can put most things into: 

    • Physical and mental health
    • Relationships
    • Career
    • Education

    Personal physical & mental health

    The biggest force multiplier you have. Having a fit, rested body that you fuel properly, with a healthy means to express your emotions will amplify all your strengths. You can always improve these aspects by 1% and that will pay dividends everywhere else in your life.

    Relationships

    Humans are social creatures, we depend upon our ties to each other. Family and friends provide a robust social support network. Colleagues form a crucial part of your business network.

    Career

    What you will earn, what you will accomplish, and what your legacy will be.

    Education

    Any activity where you actively learn new things. Be that a new skill, a religious or spiritual pursuit, or any means of mental growth or self-actualization.

    In theory, you could distribute your resources evenly across the four buckets: 25% to Health, 25% to Relationships, 25% to Careers and 25% to Education. Reality, however, is rarely so picture perfect. To truly make progress in one area, other areas must go into ‘standby / maintenance mode.’

    Priorities and obligations change over the different phases of life:

    • Working on a double major in university and a busy internship? Your resources might be balanced: Health 10%, Relationships 10%, Career 35%, and Education 45%.
    • Starting a family? Maybe the balance is Health 20%, Relationships 40%, Career 30%, and Education 10%
    • Recovering from a serious illness or injury? Perhaps your balance is now Health 80%, Relationships 15%, Career 0%, and Education 5%.

    There are many different ways you might split up your limited time/focus/energy.

    The problem that high achievers face is that they don’t want to have limited resources. People want to give each of those buckets 100%, which quite literally would require you to be four people.

    The key is to embrace the constraints and make the most effective use of the resources you have. The MOST effective people are those that are the best at allocating, and reallocating their resources.

    Work Life Balance: How To Do It

    Playing The Long Game

    Playing the long game means you keep one eye on the future, never forgetting about the things that matter most. Let’s use the example of starting your new career.

    There will be times when you will devote yourself to your professional training (Career 80%). To compensate, you might skip driving to the gym for a brisk 20 minute walk at the end of the day (Health 5%), socializing less and relying more on your spouse and family to maintain the home front (Relationships 15%), and hold off on any non-business related learning until things get off the ground (Education 0%).

    There will, however, be times when you need to direct your resources differently. After all your hard work, your skills are sharp and you’ve landed an excellent opportunity. You may decide to redirect your resources on spending more time with your friends and family (Relationships 40%), training for a marathon (Health 25%), and taking some Spanish lessons Education (25%).

    This period of reducing the resources you put towards your Career (10%) serves two purposes. It gives you an opportunity to shift balance to build out the other aspects of a fulfilling life. It is also preparing you for the next phase of building up your career down the road.

    Playing The Short Game

    Once you’ve made some choices about what you want to accomplish in the long term, You largely determine success by what you do day to day. The key components of a playing the short game successfully are:

    Learning to focus deeply

    In the example of building up your career, you need to strengthen your ability to concentrate on a few things very deeply. Eliminate distractions, for example turning off digital notifications and social media for the period you focus on your work skills. Work in a consistent location where you have everything you need to work, and where you won’t be interrupted by anything that isn’t critical.

    Establish good habits & routines

    Taking the guesswork out of what you’re doing in your day saves energy and focus, and makes you more efficient with your time. Taking your 20 minute brisk walk at 8:30 P.M. will become something you do on autopilot after the first week. Using the same block of time every day to work on your professional skills will also have the effect of training people to know when you can, and cannot be disturbed. Most simple routines take a bit more energy to start, then a bit less to maintain. You can periodically revisit / change habits and routines as needed.

    Asking for help

    The relationships you’ve established can help you meet all your day to day obligations. Employees and coworkers can help with developing certain aspects of your career skills. Friends will be willing to work around your schedule. Family can help with housekeeping and domestic concerns. If you’ve invested in your relationships in the past, they’ll be willing to reciprocate now.

    Fighting the fear of missing out.

    Directing your efforts keenly towards one thing may make you feel like you’re falling out of touch with other aspects of your life. The best recourse is to remind yourself that you’re directing most of your resources towards your career now, but not forever. You’re working towards something important. Remember that.

    Get psychological leverage on yourself.

    Quotas, goals, deadlines, small rewards, and accountability partners. Use whatever methods you need to keep your efforts on track.

    Also read about The 5 Must Have Elements in your Estate Planning

    Work Life Balance: Conclusion

    To review, we define work life balance as: “The self-management of all your priorities and obligations, using your limited time, focus and energy

    .”Priorities and obligations shift over time, so too must the time, focus and energy one invests in them. To make progress in one area of life a person needs to really lean in. The long game is to prepare to direct more or less resources to an area, but keeping it as the focal point over time. The activity of rebalancing resources to one priority or another allows you to make progress in one area, while avoiding neglecting others.

    Work-life balance and rebalance is an activity that needs daily attention, but can be found over the long-haul.

  • Five reasons to contribute to an IRA today

    Five reasons to contribute to an IRA today

    Five reasons to contribute to an IRA today

    The clock is ticking. Every year, you have until the tax filing deadline to take contribute to an IRA. Individual retirement accounts have tax planning benefits, and they quietly grow in the background to fund your retirement.

    Here are the five reasons to capitalized on an IRA today:

    One: The most successful investment strategies

    IRA’s are designed for consistent growth over the long term. The real secret to their success is to contribute to an IRA with an automated transfer. Think about it, it takes a little work upfront to set up (weekly, monthly, etc) and then all that’s required is to review once a year.

    That’s it.

    It’s easy to get jammed by the argument about whether ‘this’ investment is better than ‘that’ investment. The reality is that best investment is the one you actually make.

    Information overload and ‘paralysis by analysis’ are two very real things. People will spend so much time thinking about the best choice to make that they inevitably make no choice at all. This can lead to months and years of lost savings and compound interest.

    Making a good investment today is much better than making a great investment sometime off in the undefined future.

    With this method, it’s not unlike having a car payment. After the first few months the withdrawal becomes part of the norm. A few years down the road, Investors realize they’ve made significant growth (plus compound interest) towards their retirement while barely having to lift a finger.

    The strategy of an automatic contribution to an IRA is something you can implement today. When (or if) you decide to expand your investment education, you can build on a successful track record of growth.

    Automation is a simple strategy that’s extremely underrated.

    Two: The best time to invest is….

    You’ve heard the expression before: ‘When is the best time to plant an Oak Tree? Ten years ago. When is the second best time to plant an Oak Tree? Today’.

    This old axiom is encouraging people to act now, and act for the long term.

    The Oak tree will live through good seasons and bad seasons, but over the long term there is almost nothing that will throw it off track. Retirement investments are much the same way.

    It’s a mistake to get caught up in the day to day fluctuations of the market. Using time to your advantage is one of the most surefire ways to beat market volatility.

    In a given year or decade markets go up and down; however, over time, on average, the markets go up. In investing,there’s no such thing as a ‘sure thing.’ But investing in the market over a long period of time is about the closest thing to a ‘sure thing’ that the layman has access to.

    Three: Advantages for the young

    All taxpayers that are eligible can contribute to an IRA. Young adults can contribute $5,500 into a traditional or a Roth IRA (so long as they’ve earned at least that much in a year).  

    For young adults, saving made now (even small savings) gives them two main advantages over their older counterparts.

    First, small investments now will beat large investments made ten years down the road when career (and cash flows) are more established. Why? Because of compound interest. Young adults often fear that their inexperience will hurt them in the long run. But the math uniformly favors those with many decades ahead of them.

    Second, young investors can afford to be more aggressive. Or another way of looking at this is that young investors are more resilient to risk. Back to the Oak Tree example, young investors can simply wait out the down times in the market. In fact, investments made during a downtime in the market is can be looked at as getting an investment ‘on sale.’

    Four: Advantages for the not-so-young

    There are a few advantages for more mature investors:

    First: Investors over 50 can contribute $6,500 per year to accelerate (or catch up) on retirement savings. For those in careers with 401(k) programs set up, you can utilize both to maximize pre-retirement savings (but be aware that when combining the two that there are limits to the amounts that can be used for a tax deduction).

    Second: Non working spouses can also contribute to an IRA. As a side note, be aware that alimony payments count as earned income for the recipient.

    Third: Roth IRA for working minors can be set up. This extends the benefit of time even further. Parents manage the investment for the children until they are old enough to transfer the account into their name. Parents can use this as an opportunity to show children how investments work in the real world.

    Five: Tax Breaks

    There are two basic types of IRAs: the traditional IRA and the ROTH IRA.

    The contributions to a traditional IRA are eligible for a tax deduction in the year they are made. Earnings grow tax free, until the time they are required to begin being withdrawn at age 70 1/2. Funds are taxed at the time of withdrawal

    With a Roth IRA, you make contributions with after-tax earnings. These are not eligible for a tax deduction in the year of the contribution. Earnings grow tax free; however, unlike the traditional IRA there are no mandatory withdrawals, and withdrawals are not subject to taxation.

    Contributions of $5500 per year is available to everyone or $6500 for those 50 and older. The total contribution can be made of any combination of the two basic types.

    .As an aside, the tax deduction available through a traditional IRA contribution becomes limited if you or your spouse already participate in a 401 (k). It is also limited as you move into a higher earnings bracket.

    There’s not a single ‘right-or-wrong’ way to contribute across the two types. Really it comes down to whether you think the rate you will be taxed at will be higher now, or at the time of your withdrawal.

    Conclusion

    Traditional and Roth IRA’s are designed to benefit investors at all phases of their investing life. Regardless of your financial situation, they are a beneficial and flexible part of your retirement planning. Don’t delay, contribute to an IRA today..